Physical Access Control Systems (PACS) allow authorized security personnel to manage and monitor access control for subjects through which function?

Remote access administration refers to managing IT systems or networks from a remote location and is not a defining function of Physical Access Control Systems for managing subject access.

PIV is a standardized credential (defined in FIPS 201) used by PACS to authenticate individuals seeking physical access to facilities and resources. PIV cards contain cryptographic credentials and biometric data that PACS readers validate, enabling authorized security personnel to centrally manage, monitor, and audit who is granted or denied physical entry. This integration of PIV with PACS is a core federal identity and access management requirement.

Access Control Lists (ACLs) are logical constructs used in network and file system security to define permissions, not the primary mechanism through which PACS manage and monitor physical access for subjects.

Privileged Identity Management (PIM) is an identity governance function focused on managing elevated or privileged user accounts within IT systems, not a function used by PACS to control physical access.