Which of the following media is least problematic with data remanence?

Magnetic disks are highly susceptible to data remanence because magnetic domains can retain residual fields even after overwriting, often requiring multiple-pass wiping or degaussing to fully sanitize.

EEPROM is non-volatile memory that retains data without power, and its cells can retain residual charge states after erasure, making data remanence a significant concern requiring specialized sanitization.

DRAM is volatile memory, meaning it requires continuous electrical power to retain data. Once power is removed, the capacitors that store the bits discharge and data is lost almost immediately, making data remanence a minimal concern compared to non-volatile storage media.

Flash memory is non-volatile and stores data in floating-gate transistors that retain charge indefinitely without power, making it prone to data remanence and requiring secure erase commands or physical destruction for proper sanitization.