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CISSP · Question #153

Refer to the information below to answer the question. A large organization uses unique identifiers and requires them at the start of every system session. Application access is based on job classific

The correct answer is A. Time of the access. Access control logs must capture the time of access alongside the unique identifier to provide a complete and auditable record of system sessions. This supports the independent periodic reviews of access controls mentioned in the scenario.

Submitted by marco_it· Mar 5, 2026Security Operations

Question

Refer to the information below to answer the question. A large organization uses unique identifiers and requires them at the start of every system session. Application access is based on job classification. The organization is subject to periodic independent reviews of access controls and violations. The organization uses wired and wireless networks and remote access. The organization also uses secure connections to branch offices and secure backup and recovery strategies for selected information and processes. What MUST the access control logs contain in addition to the identifier?

Options

  • ATime of the access
  • BSecurity classification
  • CDenied access attempts
  • DAssociated clearance

How the community answered

(40 responses)
  • A
    93% (37)
  • B
    3% (1)
  • C
    3% (1)
  • D
    3% (1)

Why each option

Access control logs must capture the time of access alongside the unique identifier to provide a complete and auditable record of system sessions. This supports the independent periodic reviews of access controls mentioned in the scenario.

ATime of the accessCorrect

Access control logs must contain the time of access in addition to the unique identifier because audit logs require timestamps to establish a chronological record of who accessed what and when, which is essential for detecting violations, conducting forensic investigations, and satisfying independent access control reviews. Without timestamps, the identifier alone cannot prove when a session occurred, making the log insufficient for accountability and compliance purposes.

BSecurity classification

Security classification pertains to the sensitivity level of data or resources, not a required field in access control logs alongside user identifiers; it is an attribute of the resource, not the session event.

CDenied access attempts

While denied access attempts are valuable for security monitoring, they are a category of log event rather than a mandatory field that must accompany the identifier in every access control log entry.

DAssociated clearance

Associated clearance refers to a user's authorization level and is an attribute of the user account or access policy, not a required element that must be recorded within the access control log entry itself.

Concept tested: Access control log requirements for audit accountability

Source: https://csrc.nist.gov/publications/detail/sp/800-92/final

Topics

#access control logging#audit trails#security logs#incident detection

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