Which of the following layers of the OSI model corresponds to the Host-to-Host layer of the TCP/IP model?

Question

Options

• AThe transport layer
• BThe presentation layer
• CThe session layer
• DThe application layer

• A
  89% (39)
• B
  2% (1)
• C
  7% (3)
• D
  2% (1)

Explanation

Option A is correct because the TCP/IP model's Host-to-Host layer maps directly to the OSI model's Transport layer - both are responsible for end-to-end communication, segmentation, flow control, and reliable delivery using protocols like TCP and UDP.

Why the distractors are wrong:

• B (Presentation layer) handles data formatting, encryption, and translation - it has no TCP/IP equivalent and is absorbed into the TCP/IP Application layer.
• C (Session layer) manages session establishment and teardown between applications - also absorbed into the TCP/IP Application layer, not Host-to-Host.
• D (Application layer) sits above the transport layer and handles user-facing protocols (HTTP, FTP, DNS); it maps to the TCP/IP Application layer, not Host-to-Host.

Memory tip: Think "Host-to-Host = Transport" by remembering that transporting data between two hosts is exactly what the Transport layer does - the name "Host-to-Host" is just TCP/IP's more descriptive label for the same concept.

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