For inherited controls, the type of authorization that the system owner would expect from the authorizing official is: Response:

Authorization to test refers to approval for conducting security assessments, not for inheriting existing controls.

Inherited controls are security controls that a system utilizes and relies upon from another system or from the overall organizational infrastructure. For a system owner to properly account for these controls, they need formal authorization from the authorizing official acknowledging that the system is permitted to use and inherit these common controls, often referred to as an 'Authorization to Use Common Controls'.

Authority to Operate (ATO) is the final authorization given to an entire system to begin or continue operations, typically after all controls (including inherited ones) are assessed and deemed effective; it is not the authorization specifically for using common controls.

Denial Authority to Operate (DATO) is a rejection of a system's request for operation, which is the opposite of what a system owner would expect for inheriting controls.