____________ can often be the result of inadvertent activity.

DDoS (Distributed Denial of Service) attacks are malicious and intentional acts designed to disrupt service, not inadvertent activity.

Phishing is a deliberate, malicious attempt by attackers to trick users into divulging sensitive information, not an inadvertent activity.

Sprawl, especially "VM sprawl" or "resource sprawl," refers to the uncontrolled growth of virtual machines, servers, or other cloud resources that are provisioned but then forgotten or left idle. This often happens due to inadvertent activity, such as developers spinning up resources for testing and failing to deprovision them, leading to increased costs and potential security risks.

While some disasters can be caused by human error, "disasters" as a general term doesn't specifically refer to inadvertent *activity* in the context of IT resource management in the same way sprawl does.