The IT Manager has mandated that an extensible markup language be implemented which can be used to exchange provisioning requests and responses for account creation. Which of the following is BEST…

XACML (eXtensible Access Control Markup Language) is an XML policy language for defining and evaluating authorization decisions, not for provisioning accounts or resources.

SAML is an XML framework for exchanging authentication and authorization assertions between identity and service providers, not for provisioning lifecycle operations.

SOAP is a general-purpose XML messaging envelope protocol that can transport many types of payloads but does not itself define provisioning request or response semantics.

SPML is an XML-based framework standardized by OASIS that defines request and response messages for provisioning operations such as account creation, modification, suspension, and deletion across heterogeneous identity management systems. It was purpose-built for interoperable provisioning exchanges, which is precisely the use case the IT Manager described.