A legal instrument which is executed between two nations and governs cross-border information sharing Is known as a.

A Mutual Legal Assistance Treaty (MLAT) is a formal treaty used primarily for law enforcement and judicial cooperation in criminal proceedings, not specifically for FIU-to-FIU financial intelligence sharing.

A Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) is the primary legal instrument used between nations - particularly between FIUs - to formalize the framework for sharing financial intelligence and information across borders. MOUs establish the terms, conditions, and procedures for information exchange and are commonly used by Egmont Group member FIUs to facilitate cross-border AML cooperation.

A request for urgent information is an operational communication tool used within an existing information-sharing framework, not the foundational legal instrument that governs cross-border sharing.

A declaration of understanding is not a recognized legal instrument for governing cross-border information sharing between nations in the AML context.

A memorandum of agreement is typically used for domestic inter-agency arrangements and does not serve as the primary legal instrument governing cross-border information sharing between nations.