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AZ-500 · Question #635

AZ-500 Question #635: Real Exam Question with Answer & Explanation

Azure PostgreSQL Hotspot Question — Explained The key requirements are: row-based sharding for horizontal write scaling + minimal administrative effort (managed service). --- Dropdown 1: Azure Service Correct: Azure Cosmos DB for PostgreSQL This service (formerly "Azure Databas

Submitted by jaden.t· Mar 6, 2026Secure compute, storage, and databases

Question

Hotspot Question You have an Azure subscription. You plan to deploy a high-throughput transactional workload that will use PostgreSQL. You need to recommend a managed solution for storing relational data. The solution must meet the following requirements: - Support the horizontal scaling of transactional writes by using row- based sharding. - Minimize administrative effort. What should you include in the recommendation? To answer, select the appropriate options in the answer area. NOTE: Each correct selection is worth one point. Answer:

Options

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Explanation

Azure PostgreSQL Hotspot Question — Explained

The key requirements are: row-based sharding for horizontal write scaling + minimal administrative effort (managed service).


Dropdown 1: Azure Service

Correct: Azure Cosmos DB for PostgreSQL

This service (formerly "Azure Database for PostgreSQL – Hyperscale (Citus)") is built on the open-source Citus extension, which adds a distributed coordinator/worker node architecture on top of standard PostgreSQL. It is the only option that natively supports horizontal sharding of transactional writes across multiple nodes using a distribution column. It is fully managed by Microsoft, satisfying the minimal-admin requirement.

OptionWhy Wrong
Flexible ServerSingle-node managed PostgreSQL. Supports vertical scaling and read replicas, but has no native horizontal write sharding.
Single ServerLegacy, deprecated single-node offering. No sharding capability whatsoever.

Dropdown 2: Scalability Technique

Correct: Distributed tables

In Citus/Cosmos DB for PostgreSQL, distributed tables are tables whose rows are partitioned across worker nodes using a distribution column (hash-based or range-based). Each shard holds a subset of rows — this is precisely row-based sharding. Writes are routed to the correct shard automatically by the coordinator, enabling true horizontal write scaling.

OptionWhy Wrong
Logical replicationA PostgreSQL feature for streaming changes between databases/instances. It replicates data — it does not partition or shard writes horizontally.
Near-zero downtime scalingRefers to live vertical scaling (resize compute/storage with minimal disruption). Has nothing to do with distributing writes across shards.

Core Concept Summary

Row-based sharding = rows of a table are distributed across multiple physical nodes based on a distribution key. Only Azure Cosmos DB for PostgreSQL (via Citus) implements this natively as a managed Azure service, and the mechanism is called distributed tables.

Topics

#Azure Cosmos DB for PostgreSQL#Horizontal scaling#Row-based sharding#Managed database

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