How does the sender policy framework (SPF) aim to reduce spoofed email?

See the full explanation below for the reasoning.

Question

AIt provides a list of IP address ranges for particular domains so senders can be verified.
BIt includes an XML policy file with each email that confirms the validity of the message.
CIt lists servers that may legitimately forward mail for a particular domain.
DIt provides an encryption key so that authenticity of an email message can be validated Answer: A

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