You are deploying a nationwide intranet solution for a company with 4 data centers and 400 remote branches connected via a provider-based solution. As part of the network design, you must ensure effic

IPsec is a point-to-point encryption framework and does not natively support multicast replication or core-level bandwidth optimization.

GRE provides generic tunneling encapsulation but has no built-in mechanism for multicast replication in the network core.

VPLS is a Layer 2 VPN service that relies on flooding for broadcast and unknown unicast traffic, which is inherently inefficient for content distribution at scale.

MPLS Layer 3 VPN with mVPN builds multicast distribution trees inside the provider core, allowing training content to be replicated at the core and delivered to all 400 branches via a single shared stream. This eliminates the need for 400 separate unicast flows and provides the bandwidth optimization and core replication the design requires.

L2TPv3 is a Layer 2 tunneling protocol that does not support multicast-based content distribution or core replication mechanisms.