Which DCI technology utilizes a "flood and learn" technique to populate the Layer 2 forwarding table?

OTV uses a control-plane mechanism based on IS-IS to advertise and learn MAC reachability across the DCI overlay, avoiding the need to flood traffic into the core.

EVPN distributes MAC and IP reachability information via BGP control-plane updates, eliminating data-plane flooding for remote MAC address learning.

VPLS emulates a LAN segment over an MPLS backbone by flooding unknown unicast, broadcast, and multicast frames across the full pseudowire mesh, then learning source MAC addresses from incoming frames to populate the forwarding table. This is the same data-plane flood-and-learn behavior used by traditional Ethernet switches, making VPLS fundamentally dependent on flooding for MAC discovery.

LISP uses a map-request and map-reply control-plane protocol to resolve endpoint identifiers to routing locators and does not use flood-and-learn for Layer 2 forwarding.