Your company will attach to a new Gigabit Ethernet-based wide area network from the local service provider for remote connectivity. Each connection will have a 150 Mb/s committed information rate. For

Traffic shaping delays excess packets by placing them in a queue and releasing them at a controlled rate conforming to the CIR, ensuring that bursts above 150 Mb/s are absorbed rather than dropped. This is the preferred QoS mechanism at a WAN edge when minimizing packet loss is the goal, because the service provider will police incoming traffic and drop anything exceeding the CIR. Shaping at the customer edge prevents those provider-side drops by metering the traffic before it crosses into the provider network.

Policing drops or re-marks packets that exceed the defined rate, which increases packet loss rather than minimizing it.

CBWFQ is a queuing mechanism that allocates bandwidth among traffic classes but does not control the aggregate rate sent toward the service provider.

RED is a congestion avoidance technique that intentionally drops packets early to prevent queue overflow, which does not minimize packet loss toward the service provider.