Refer to the exhibit. A service provider would like to use Ethernet OAM to detect end-to-end connectivity failures between SP-SW1 and SP-SW2. In which two of these ways can you design this solution?…

Y.1731 is an ITU-T standard primarily focused on performance monitoring metrics such as delay and loss measurement - it is not the correct standard for end-to-end connectivity fault detection between SP switches in this design.

E-LMI is scoped to the CE-to-PE interface for local status signaling only and is not forwarded over a VPLS core, so it cannot provide SP-to-SP end-to-end connectivity monitoring.

CDP is a Cisco proprietary Layer 2 neighbor discovery protocol and is not an OAM protocol - it has no role in Ethernet connectivity fault detection or management.

Upward maintenance endpoints (MEPs) are configured on SP switches facing the service layer, allowing CFM frames to traverse the VPLS core and detect end-to-end connectivity faults between SP-SW1 and SP-SW2 rather than just local segment failures.

IEEE 802.1ag CFM is the standard specifically designed for end-to-end Ethernet connectivity fault management, enabling SP switches to exchange Continuity Check Messages (CCMs) and detect failures across the VPLS infrastructure between the two SP endpoints.