What is a characteristic of data modeling language?

While data models *define* state data, the *management protocol* (like NETCONF or RESTCONF) provides the actual interface for accessing this data, not the data model itself.

Data modeling languages, such as YANG, are designed to clearly distinguish between configuration data (which can be modified to change device behavior) and state data (which represents the device's current operational status and is read-only). This separation provides clarity and enables robust, programmatic management of network devices.

Data modeling languages promote standardized and often automated configuration across multiple devices, rather than ensuring individual configuration, thereby enhancing consistency and manageability.

While data modeling languages used with protocols like NETCONF are modern alternatives, they do not universally or entirely replace SNMP; rather, they offer more structured and capable methods for network management.