A hacker was able to easily gain access to a website. He was able to log in via the frontend user login form of the website using default or commonly used credentials. This exploitation is an…

Insufficient security management refers to broader organizational or policy-level failures such as missing patch processes or no access reviews, not specifically the presence of default credentials at the application level.

Insufficient database hardening means the system was deployed with default factory credentials still in place, a fundamental configuration failure. Hardening requires removing or changing all default accounts and passwords before production deployment. Leaving default credentials in place gives attackers trivial access without any need for exploitation techniques.

Insufficient input validation describes failing to sanitize or reject malicious user-supplied input such as SQL injection strings, which is unrelated to logging in with default passwords.

Insufficient exception handling refers to improperly catching and disclosing error details that could aid an attacker, not the use of unchanged default credentials.