Which of the following is designed to verify and authenticate individuals taking part in a data exchange within an enterprise?

SOA (Service-Oriented Architecture) is a software design pattern for structuring enterprise applications as interoperable services and does not provide identity verification or authentication mechanisms.

Single Sign-On simplifies user authentication by allowing one login session to access multiple systems, but it does not itself verify or cryptographically authenticate individuals participating in a data exchange.

Public Key Infrastructure (PKI) issues and manages digital certificates that bind a public key to a verified identity, enabling both authentication and non-repudiation in data exchanges. Certificate Authorities (CAs) validate identities before issuing certificates, and relying parties can verify those certificates cryptographically. This makes PKI the definitive enterprise solution for verifying and authenticating individuals participating in secure data exchanges.

Biometrics authenticates individuals based on physical characteristics for access control purposes but does not provide the certificate-based cryptographic framework needed to verify and authenticate parties within an enterprise data exchange.