312-50V11 · Question #324
Which of the following is an example of two factor authentication?
The correct answer is D. Fingerprint and Smartcard ID. True two-factor authentication requires credentials from two distinct authentication categories - something you know, something you have, or something you are - not two credentials from the same category.
Question
Which of the following is an example of two factor authentication?
Options
- APIN Number and Birth Date
- BUsername and Password
- CDigital Certificate and Hardware Token
- DFingerprint and Smartcard ID
How the community answered
(44 responses)- A5% (2)
- B2% (1)
- C2% (1)
- D91% (40)
Why each option
True two-factor authentication requires credentials from two distinct authentication categories - something you know, something you have, or something you are - not two credentials from the same category.
A PIN and a birth date are both 'something you know' factors, so this combination represents only a single authentication category, not two distinct factors.
A username is an identifier rather than an authentication factor, and a password is a single 'something you know' credential, making this single-factor authentication.
A digital certificate and a hardware token are both 'something you have' factors, placing them in the same authentication category and failing to satisfy the two-distinct-factor requirement.
A fingerprint represents the 'something you are' factor (biometric), while a smartcard ID represents the 'something you have' factor (physical possession). Combining credentials from two separate authentication categories satisfies the formal definition of two-factor authentication, ensuring that compromise of one factor type alone is insufficient for access.
Concept tested: Two-factor authentication category requirements
Source: https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/entra/identity/authentication/concept-mfa-howitworks
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