Which of the following Secure Hashing Algorithm (SHA) produces a 160-bit digest from a message with a maximum length of (264-1) bits and resembles the MD5 algorithm?

SHA-2 is a family of hash functions producing digests of 224, 256, 384, or 512 bits, none of which equal the 160-bit output specified in the question.

SHA-3 uses a fundamentally different sponge construction rather than the Merkle-Damgard structure of MD5, and does not specifically resemble MD5 in design.

SHA-1, defined in FIPS PUB 180-4, produces a fixed 160-bit (20-byte) hash digest and accepts messages of up to (2^64 - 1) bits. It was developed by NIST and NSA and explicitly modeled after MD5's Merkle-Damgard construction, using similar compression functions and word operations, which is why the question notes it 'resembles' MD5.

SHA-0 also produced a 160-bit digest but was withdrawn by NSA before publication due to an undisclosed flaw; SHA-1 is the corrected successor and is the version that formally resembles MD5 and matches the maximum message length described.