View the Exhibit and note the files available in the $ORACLE_HOME/dbs folder. The ASM instance is already running. You used the following steps to start the database instance and open the database…

init.ora is a generic PFILE name with lower search priority than any SPFILE; Oracle only falls back to PFILE names after exhausting the SPFILE search, and init<SID>.ora would still be preferred over the generic init.ora.

Oracle's parameter file lookup order is: spfile<SID>.ora first, then spfile.ora, then init<SID>.ora; when the exhibit shows spfile.ora present but no SID-specific SPFILE, the instance starts using spfile.ora as the binary server parameter file, which takes precedence over any PFILE.

initorcl.ora is the SID-specific PFILE and is only used if neither spfile<SID>.ora nor spfile.ora is found in the search path, making it lower priority than spfile.ora.

spfile+ASM.ora is the parameter file belonging to the ASM instance, not the database instance; each instance uses its own separate parameter file and the two are not interchangeable.