A fitness professional who shares identifiable health information about a client with someone who is outside of the realm of patient care is in violation of which federal standard?

FERPA protects the privacy of student educational records at institutions receiving federal funding and does not govern health information shared in a fitness or clinical context.

OSHA guidelines address workplace safety standards and occupational hazards for employees, not the confidentiality of client health information.

The HIPAA Privacy Rule establishes federal standards protecting Protected Health Information (PHI), which includes any identifiable data related to a client's physical or mental health condition. Sharing such information with a person outside the realm of patient care without written authorization is a direct violation of this rule, regardless of the professional's setting.

The ADA prohibits discrimination against individuals with disabilities and mandates reasonable accommodations but does not regulate the privacy or disclosure of health information.