Which of the following is a technology used to connect a hard drive directly to a computer's motherboard?

PCI (Peripheral Component Interconnect) is an expansion bus for connecting peripheral cards such as network or sound cards, not a dedicated hard drive interface.

Ethernet is a networking technology used for local area network communication between devices, not for connecting internal storage to a motherboard.

DSL (Digital Subscriber Line) is a telecommunications technology for internet access over telephone lines, unrelated to internal storage connectivity.

SATA (Serial Advanced Technology Attachment) is a bus interface designed specifically for connecting mass storage devices like HDDs and SSDs to the motherboard, providing both data transfer and power connectivity at speeds up to 6 Gb/s for SATA III.

VGA (Video Graphics Array) is a video display interface standard used to connect monitors to a graphics output, not a storage interface.